API Security’s Role in Protecting Retail Cloud Apps
In today’s world, many retail service applications rely on APIs to exchange data and interact with external systems. With the increasing adoption of cloud computing, API usage has grown exponentially, making API security a top priority for retail organizations. API security should be one of the first steps toward securing retail cloud apps because APIs are the primary entry point for hackers to exploit vulnerabilities in cloud-based applications. Protection from API security threats is crucial, especially for retail companies considering the sensitive customer data and financial transactions involved.
APIs Are Some of the Best Targets
APIs are the data transporters for all cloud-based applications and services. APIs act as intermediaries between applications, enabling them to communicate with each other and exchange data. They also provide access to critical services and functionality in cloud-based applications. If an attacker gains access to your APIs, they can easily bypass security measures and gain access to your cloud-based applications, which can result in data breaches, financial losses and reputational damage. For hackers looking to have the best return on investment (ROI) of their time and energy for exploiting and exfiltrating data from retail organizations, APIs are one of the best targets today.
APIs are often the weakest link in the security chain. Developers commonly prioritize speed, features, functionality, and ease of use over security, which can leave APIs vulnerable to attacks. Additionally, cloud-native APIs are often exposed directly to the internet, making them accessible to anyone. This can make it easier for hackers to exploit vulnerabilities in APIs and gain access to retail cloud-based applications.
Contol Plane and Data Plane
Cloud APIs fall into two major categories: The control plane and the data plane. Within the control plane, the cloud providers are most responsible for the ongoing security of the administrative and monitoring controls of underlying cloud services. However, within the data plane of an application, end customers are responsible for the entire API security. To complicate things further for customers’ API attack surfaces, there are north-south APIs (embedded within their application UIs) and east-west (service-to-service) APIs that are often hidden from the end-user-facing applications. The fact that there are so many new types of APIs enabled by cloud services creates major architectural challenges for IT security to accurately discover, inventory, analyze, test and protect APIs today.
Retail organizations deal with sensitive customer information, including financial transactions and account details. The security of this data is of utmost importance, and threats can arise when transmitting data to and from cloud APIs. Exploiting retailers’ API vulnerabilities can lead to unauthorized data access, theft, fraud and disruption of services. In addition, improperly implemented APIs may expose direct object references, allowing attackers to bypass authorization mechanisms and gain unauthorized access to sensitive financial information or perform operations on behalf of other users.
If the above warnings are not enough, here are a few more reasons to convince you why API security is so critical in cloud security:
• PII: APIs often expose sensitive data to external systems, including personally identifiable information (PII), making them a prime target for attackers looking to steal data. Retailers collect and store vast amounts of customer data, including personal information, addresses and purchase history. By securing your APIs, you can prevent unauthorized access to your sensitive data and protect it from data breaches. This is particularly important for retail companies, perhaps more so than any other vertical market.
• Hackers: APIs are often targeted by cybercriminals who use a variety of techniques to exploit vulnerabilities in APIs and gain access to cloud-based applications. By securing your APIs, you can mitigate the risk of cyberattacks, prevent hackers from exploiting vulnerabilities and increase your cloud security hygiene.
• Compliance & Audit: Retail organizations are subject to strict regulatory compliance requirements, including the Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard (PCI DSS) and the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR). By securing your APIs, you can improve compliance with regulations and avoid costly fines and legal action, not to mention theft and fraud.
• Data Breaches: A data breach can cause significant damage to a retail firm’s reputation. By securing your APIs, you will help prevent data breaches and exploits on your cloud-native applications, protect your organization’s reputation and customers’ private data and build trust with your customers.
With that said, there are a few important recommended measures for retailers to secure their APIs, protect their cloud-based applications, and improve overall cloud security.
• Auth: API authentication and authorization are critical components of API security in retail. Authentication ensures that only authorized users can access your APIs, while authorization controls what actions authorized users can perform. Implementing strong authentication and authorization mechanisms can help prevent unauthorized access to your APIs and protect your cloud-based applications, and is critical for PCI-DSS compliance.
• Encryption: Leveraging best practices in encryption is an essential component of API security. It ensures that data transmitted between systems is secure and cannot be read by hackers if intercepted. Using SSL/TLS encryption for your APIs can help protect against data breaches and ensure that sensitive data is transmitted securely.
• Inventory: IT Security’s major mistake is underestimating how difficult it is to get an accurate record of all their APIs because of the ephemeral nature of cloud services. API discovery, monitoring and logging, particularly with always-on runtime capabilities, can help detect and prevent attacks on your APIs. By monitoring dynamic API usage and traffic and logging events, you can detect suspicious activity and take action before an attack.
• Vendor Risk Management: Retail organizations must assess the security posture and reliability of third-party API providers – including providers of payment gateways, logistics and marketing platforms – before integrating into their systems. APIs used to manage inventory and supply chain data must be secured to prevent tampering, unauthorized access, or disruptions that could affect product availability. Evaluating factors such as the provider’s track record, security certifications, data protection practices, and disaster recovery capabilities are critical for minimizing software supply chain risks. Review of software bill of materials (SBOMs), as well as continuous security testing, vulnerability scanning, and code review are good hygiene practices for retailers’ third-party APIs.
• Protection: Finally, API run-time protection can help prevent attacks such as broken object-level authorization (BOLA), DDoS and brute force attacks. BOLA attacks strike at the heart of the business logic within an application. DDoS attacks can overwhelm cloud API resources, causing service disruptions or making them unavailable to legitimate users, affecting customer experience and business operations. Adding customized checks and policies that block API requests attempting to break business logic can help prevent exploitation. Rate limiting restricts the number of API calls that can be made within a specific time frame, while throttling limits the rate at which requests can be made – together both can help with brute force and denial of service attacks.
With these critical cloud security requirements in mind, retail companies have a number of technologies at their disposal. Different than on-premises protections, securing retailers’ cloud-native APIs involves a continuous set of processes focusing on identifying, assessing, prioritizing, and adapting to risk in cloud-native applications, infrastructure and configuration.
CNAPP
When it comes to securing retail APIs, the cloud-native application protection platform (CNAPP) is a newer security framework that provides security specifically for cloud-native applications by protecting them against various threats, such as web-application attacks, API attacks, and cloud compute, storage and database attacks. CNAPPs provide runtime protection, vulnerability management, threat detection and response capabilities. They can identify vulnerabilities in API code and configurations and provide mitigation. Using a CNAPP allows retail firms to implement complete end-to-end security for cloud-native environments, rather than having to stitch together multiple solutions that address specific, discrete security issues.
The strength of CNAPP is that it combines the capabilities of several cloud security categories, including DevSecOps, cloud security posture management (CSPM), infrastructure-as-code (IaC) scanning, Kubernetes Security Posture Management (KSPM), cloud infrastructure entitlement management (CIEM), and runtime cloud workload protection platform (CWPP). Additional CNAPP advantages include:
• Full-stack application visibility for SecOps and DevOps teams.
• Runtime response to threats to protect and secure cloud-native apps.
• Automated vulnerability management and cloud configuration remediation.
• Prioritization all security exposures on APIs, applications, data and microservices.
In addition, CNAPP provides advanced insights that improve detection rates and reduce false positives. These insights can be generated by correlating posture misconfigurations with workload alerts or over entitlements. CNAPP helps address these problems and more by offering a single converged tool with multiple security capabilities for applications and services, so retail companies can reduce risk, overhead and operational costs.
When it comes to cloud security in retail, CNAPP is well-suited for organizations with cloud-native applications, microservices, and APIs that require application-level security. API security is a must-have when building out cloud-native applications, and CNAPP offers an effective approach for this critical first step in protecting cloud applications.
